Oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer.
Cancer is not a single disease — it’s a group of more than 100 different conditions that involve abnormal cell growth.
So, what is the most common disease in oncology?
Let’s explore the most frequently diagnosed cancers, their symptoms, causes, and how oncologists treat them at Aartas Oncology Department.
While cancer can affect almost any part of the body, some types occur more often than others. The most common cancers worldwide include:
1. Breast Cancer
Most common in women, breast cancer develops in the cells of the breast tissue.
Key Facts:
Leading cancer among women globally
Can occur in both men and women (though rare in men)
Early detection through mammograms and self-exams is crucial
Common Symptoms:
Lump or thickening in the breast
Change in breast shape or size
Nipple discharge or pain
Treatment:
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Targeted and hormone therapy
2. Lung Cancer
One of the deadliest cancers, often caused by smoking or pollution exposure.
Key Facts:
Affects both smokers and non-smokers
Early detection is difficult as symptoms appear late
Common Symptoms:
Persistent cough or chest pain
Shortness of breath
Coughing up blood
Treatment:
Surgery (for early stages)
Chemotherapy or targeted therapy
Immunotherapy for advanced stages
3. Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal (colon or rectum) cancer is among the top three cancers worldwide.
Risk Factors:
Low-fiber, high-fat diet
Family history
Age above 50 years
Symptoms:
Blood in stool
Changes in bowel habits
Unexplained weight loss
Treatment:
Surgery to remove the tumor
Chemotherapy or radiation
Targeted therapy in some cases
4. Leukemia (Blood Cancer)
Leukemia affects the blood and bone marrow, disrupting normal blood cell production.
Common Types:
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Symptoms:
Fatigue and weakness
Frequent infections
Easy bruising or bleeding
Treatment:
Chemotherapy
Bone marrow transplant
Targeted or immunotherapy
5. Prostate Cancer
Affects the prostate gland in men and is one of the most common cancers in males.
Symptoms:
Difficulty urinating
Blood in urine
Pelvic discomfort
Treatment:
Surgery or radiation
Hormone therapy
Active surveillance in slow-growing cases
The rising cases of cancer can be linked to:
Lifestyle factors — smoking, alcohol, poor diet, lack of exercise
Environmental exposure — radiation, toxins, pollution
Genetic predisposition — family history or inherited mutations
Longer lifespans — more people living to ages where cancer risk is higher
At Aartas Oncology, we combine advanced technology and expert care to diagnose and treat cancer early.
Our services include:
Comprehensive cancer screening and imaging
Personalized treatment plans
Targeted, radiation, and immunotherapy
Multidisciplinary tumor boards for expert review
We focus not just on treatment, but also on supportive care, rehabilitation, and psychological wellness during the recovery journey.
The most common diseases in oncology include breast, lung, colorectal, blood, and prostate cancers.
Early detection, awareness, and a healthy lifestyle can dramatically improve survival rates.
If you or a loved one shows early symptoms or has a family history of cancer, consult an oncologist at Aartas for guidance and screening.
Your health is your strongest defense — take action early.
Q1: Which cancer is most common in India?
A: Breast cancer in women and oral/lung cancer in men are the most common in India.
Q2: Can cancer be completely cured?
A: Yes, many cancers can be cured if detected early and treated promptly.
Q3: What are the early signs of cancer?
A: Unexplained fatigue, lumps, bleeding, or sudden weight loss should not be ignored.
Q4: Where can I find the best oncology treatment in Delhi?
A: Visit Aartas Oncology for expert consultation, diagnosis, and advanced cancer treatment.
