Your brain, spine, and nerves control everything your body does — from thinking and movement to heartbeat and breathing.
When something goes wrong in this system, you need a neurologist — a specialist trained to diagnose and treat disorders of the nervous system.
In this article, we’ll explore which diseases neurologists treat, when to visit one, and how they help you manage complex neurological conditions.
A neurologist is a medical specialist who diagnoses, treats, and manages disorders of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles.
They focus on conditions that affect:
Central nervous system (CNS) – brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) – nerves connecting the brain and body
Muscular system – muscles controlled by the nervous system
Unlike neurosurgeons, neurologists don’t perform surgeries — they focus on diagnosis, medical management, and long-term care.
Here’s a list of the most common neurological diseases and conditions treated by neurologists:
One of the most frequent reasons people see a neurologist.
Neurologists help manage:
Chronic or severe migraines
Cluster headaches
Tension-type headaches
Medication-overuse headaches
Treatment includes lifestyle advice, medications, and nerve-block therapies.
Epilepsy occurs when there is abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Neurologists use:
EEG tests
Anti-epileptic medications
Lifestyle adjustments
Surgical referrals (if needed)
Early diagnosis ensures better control and fewer seizures.
A stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted.
Neurologists treat:
Ischemic strokes (clot-related)
Hemorrhagic strokes (bleeding)
Post-stroke rehabilitation
They help patients recover motor skills, speech, and memory through early intervention.
A neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement and coordination.
Symptoms include:
Tremors
Muscle stiffness
Balance issues
Slow movement (bradykinesia)
Neurologists help manage Parkinson’s with medications like Levodopa and physical therapy.
Neurologists manage cognitive and memory disorders such as:
Alzheimer’s disease
Vascular dementia
Frontotemporal dementia
They create personalized treatment plans to slow disease progression and improve quality of life.
An autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks nerve coverings (myelin).
Symptoms:
Numbness
Vision problems
Muscle weakness
Coordination difficulties
Neurologists use immunotherapy, corticosteroids, and rehabilitation for management.
Commonly seen in diabetic patients, neuropathy causes:
Tingling or burning in hands/feet
Loss of sensation
Muscle weakness
Neurologists perform nerve conduction tests to diagnose and manage nerve pain.
Including:
Myasthenia gravis
Muscular dystrophy
Peripheral nerve injuries
These conditions affect muscle strength and coordination and require long-term neurologist care.
A neurologist may treat:
Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Sleep apnea
Restless leg syndrome
They often coordinate with sleep specialists for comprehensive care.
Neurologists work alongside neurosurgeons to diagnose and manage:
Brain tumors
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Abscesses
You should visit a neurologist if you experience:
Frequent headaches or dizziness
Memory loss or confusion
Unexplained weakness or tremors
Numbness or tingling sensations
Seizures or blackout episodes
Balance or coordination problems
Early diagnosis prevents complications and improves outcomes.
At Aartas Neurology Clinic, our neurologists offer comprehensive evaluation and treatment for all major brain and nerve disorders.
We specialize in:
Headache and migraine management
Stroke rehabilitation
Parkinson’s and movement disorders
Dementia care
Seizure and epilepsy management
Peripheral neuropathy treatment
Our goal is to combine cutting-edge diagnostics with personalized, long-term care.
A neurologist treats a wide range of conditions — from common issues like headaches to complex disorders like Parkinson’s and epilepsy.
If you notice persistent headaches, memory issues, dizziness, or muscle weakness, don’t ignore the signs.
Visit Aartas Neurology Department for a thorough diagnosis and expert care from Delhi’s leading neurologists.
Q1. What are the symptoms of neurological problems?
A: Common signs include headaches, dizziness, numbness, vision issues, or difficulty speaking or moving.
Q2. Do neurologists perform surgery?
A: No, neurologists diagnose and treat conditions with medicines, while neurosurgeons handle surgeries.
Q3. Can stress cause neurological symptoms?
A: Yes, stress can trigger migraines, tension headaches, and even worsen conditions like seizures or sleep disorders.
Q4. Is MRI required for all neurological problems?
A: Not always. Neurologists recommend MRI or EEG only when needed for diagnosis.
